Which term describes the process of reconstructing or renewing parts of an existing structure or device?

The term that accurately describes the process of reconstructing or renewing parts of an existing structure or device is repair. Repair typically involves fixing or restoring components in order to bring a malfunctioning or worn-out object back to a functional state. This can include replacing broken parts, mending damage, or otherwise restoring the object to its original condition or usability.

Repair focuses on addressing specific issues to ensure continued operation and effectiveness of the original device or structure. It is distinct from broader processes, such as reengineering, which usually involves redesigning the object for improved performance, and reconditioning, which often implies a more comprehensive overhaul of the system rather than just repairing it. Recycling, on the other hand, pertains to the process of converting waste materials into new products, which does not directly relate to the idea of renewing existing components.