What defines a composite material?

A composite material is defined as a mixture of two or more materials that, when combined, create a material with improved properties compared to the individual components. This combination typically includes a matrix material that binds the other materials together, along with reinforcement materials that enhance strength, stiffness, or other desirable characteristics. For example, fiberglass is a composite made from glass fibers embedded in a polymer resin, resulting in a lightweight yet strong material suitable for various applications.

The essence of composite materials lies in their ability to leverage the strengths of different components, which leads to a final product that has enhanced performance attributes, such as increased durability, reduced weight, or better thermal or electrical insulation properties.